Written by nursing student Hanna Rauvola
International Human Rights Day is celebrated tomorrow 10.12.2022. After the 2nd world war the importance of human rights and world peace emerged and these two things still work as the main goals of the organization. Universal Declaration of Human Rights was accepted in the United Nations General Assembly on 10th of December in 1948 and the purpose of the declaration was to summarize the most important and universal rights that belong to everyone. Since then, the international Human Rights Day has been and still is current, because the human rights are not fully implemented in any country in the world.
Fundamental and human rights
International human rights deal with humanity and values and as a basic idea of human rights work equality and freedom: in human rights no distinction between individuals in made because of gender, nationality, ethnics, skin color, religion, residence, language, political party, age or social, cultural and financial situation. Human rights are worldwide, inviolable, untransferable, unbreakable, detached from each other and touch all people simply because they have been born into this world.
From the point of view of human rights freedom of speech affects every individual, but mutually other people’s opinions and freedom of speech should be respected. Every individual should also be allowed to live without being insulted or threatened. Every individual should be allowed to belong in any religion or believe in anything they want as well as others freedom of religion should be respected. No one should be dominated or forced in any kind of sexual action, and everyone should have the right to love exactly who they want. Everyone should have the right to a home and go to school as well as have the right to be spared from persecution because of religion, sexual orientation or opinions, alternatively the individual should have the right to flee from home country and seek for protection in another.
For National Fundamental Rights to exist, it requires for the International Human Rights to exist first. These mean the rights given to individuals by the state within its borders and are mentioned in constitution. The fundamental rights are fundamental, untransferable basic values, which secure the freedom for every Finnish citizen that any state, municipality or authority has no right to intervene. The fundamental rights include the right to live, the right for immunity and privacy, the right to move freely, assets protection, freedom of speech, securing the equality as well as the right to work, the right for social security and the right for education. However, sometimes all parts of the human rights are not recognized as fundamental rights of the individual.
But who’s responsible for the realization of these rights?
The main responsibility for the realization of these rights is at state. The human rights are secured in international human right treaties and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs is responsible for the international human right politics. In Finland according to the constitution the public authority must secure the fulfillment of human rights and the Finnish constitution protects the inviolability of human dignity, the freedom of an individual and the rights as well as promotes justice in society. The Ministry of Justice, on the other hand prepares the constitution and changes in fundamental rights provisions as well as coordinates fundamental- and human right -politics in the home country. By administrative sector each ministry in responsible for the implementation on their part.
However, each one of us can make an impact on an individual level to help the human rights to be realized by treating people equally and respecting everyone’s rights.
Each one of us is born free and equal – That’s why we all have the same rights and responsibilities.
Sources:
https://rauhankasvatus.fi/ihmisoikeuksien-paiva/
https://oikeusministerio.fi/perus-ja-ihmisoikeudet
https://mielenihmeet.fi/ihmisoikeudet-ja-perusoikeudet-maaritelma-ja-merkitys/